E.F. Fuchs and F.S. Fuchs (USA)
Distributed generation, short- and long-term storage, intentional islanding, self-organization
The interconnected national power system developed during the past 60 years is both reliable and efficient. During major emergencies, however, the resulting domino effect in the grid makes it advisable to break up the affected system – through intentional islanding—into independently operating power regions (IOPRs). This requires that each and every IOPR control its frequency and voltage independently. The transition from central power stations to distributed generation (DG) complicates this breakup of the interconnected system into IOPRs. While the interconnected system is controlled at the transmission line level, the system with DG must also include control at the distribution level. The inclusion of DG requires the availability of short-term and long-term energy storage facilities so that -- together with demand side management -- the IOPRs can be independently operated from one another. The concept of intentional islanding will be discussed before, during and after an emergency has occurred.
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